class: center, middle, inverse, title-slide # The World is Changing ## An Analysis of Rising Temperatures and All The Fun That Comes with It ### Team ACE
Austin Gilbride, Chenemi Maji, Evan Saltman ### Bates College ### April 11, 2022 --- class: center, middle # How do the frequency and severity of natural disasters such as wildfires and rising sea level change over time? --- class: inverse # Where does our Data come from? .pull-left[ <img src="img/climate.jpg" title="drastic climate changes across the landscape" alt="drastic climate changes across the landscape" width="460" height="350" style="display: block; margin: auto auto auto 0;" /> ] .pull-right[ * Kaggle * We combined data regarding: - sea level - temperature - disaster size and frequency - population - geographic location ] .footnote[image of multiple climates] --- class: inverse # Visualizing the Increase in Disasters Throughout the US .pull-left[ <img src="presentation_files/figure-html/disaster-hist-1.png" title="Density plot of natural disasters. Shows increase from 1950 to present" alt="Density plot of natural disasters. Shows increase from 1950 to present" width="100%" /> ] .pull-right[ <img src="presentation_files/figure-html/linegraph of disasters-1.png" title="density plot of natural disasters since 1950. Shows significant increase" alt="density plot of natural disasters since 1950. Shows significant increase" width="100%" /> ] --- class: inverse # Average US Temperatures <img src="presentation_files/figure-html/temp-large-cities-1.png" title="faceted figure showing increasing temperatures in cities with over 1 million population since the 1700's" alt="faceted figure showing increasing temperatures in cities with over 1 million population since the 1700's" width="1800" height="525" /> --- class: inverse # Number of Wildfires since 1992 .pull-left[ * Wildfire prevention: - have recently been funded - help to prevent high cost damage * Number of Wildfires vs Acreage burned ] .pull-right[ <img src="presentation_files/figure-html/large-wildfires-1.png" title="density plot showing increase in wildfires since 1990" alt="density plot showing increase in wildfires since 1990" width="100%" /> ] --- class: inverse, center, middle # How has the global sea level increased? .pull-left[ * Sea level has continued to increase at faster rates. * In concordance with increasing CO2 levels ] .pull-right[ <img src="presentation_files/figure-html/sea level rise mapping-1.png" title="increasing non-linear model of sea level rise from 1993 to 2012" alt="increasing non-linear model of sea level rise from 1993 to 2012" width="100%" /> ] --- --- class: inverse --- # Linear modelling and Global Mean Sea level rise and US temperature and Population .pull-left[ * A linear model helps us predict mean global sea level * GMSL_GIA = (2.833)year - 5679.441, (mm/yr) * Adjusted R-squared value = 0.901 ] .pull-right[ <img src="presentation_files/figure-html/sea-level-regression-mapping-1.png" title="increasing linear model of sea level rise from 1993 to 2012" alt="increasing linear model of sea level rise from 1993 to 2012" width="100%" /> ] --- class: inverse, center, middle # Leaflet Mapping of Large WildFires in the US
--- class: inverse # Conclusions .pull-left[ - Manmade rise in CO2 is directly causing an increase in Temperature * The rise in temperature can be seen in every major city in the US * Rising temperatures are increasingly associated with wildfires, drought, and hurricanes - Rising temperature also has implications for our oceans, causing flooding in some areas and drought in others. - The data let us know it is clear we must take action to prevent further damage from taking place. ] .pull-right[ <img src="img/earth_pic.webp" title="drastic climate changes across the landscape" alt="drastic climate changes across the landscape" width="400" height="350" style="display: block; margin: auto auto auto 0;" /> ] --- class: inverse, center, middle # What we can do to prevent Wildfires: .pull-left[ - Practice proper fire safety - Reduce your carbon footprint - Vote on climate action ] .pull-right[ <img src="img/wildfire_prevention.png" title="cartoon deer jumping across a flame" alt="cartoon deer jumping across a flame" width="350" height="350" style="display: block; margin: auto auto auto 0;" /> ] .footnote[ maine wildfire prevention poster ] --- class: inverse # Global CO2 levels and Increasing Temperature .pull-left[ <img src="presentation_files/figure-html/recent_co2-1.png" title="Mauna Loa CO2 levels (ppm) of last 60 years. Shows seasonal variability and distinct exponential increase." alt="Mauna Loa CO2 levels (ppm) of last 60 years. Shows seasonal variability and distinct exponential increase." width="100%" /> ] .pull-right[ * Distinct increase in CO2 over last 60 years. * Seasonal variability is shown by non-smooth curve * Today's CO2 level: 418.64 ppm ] --- class: inverse, center, middle # CO2 level increase over the past 800 thousand years: The Keeling Curve .pull-left[ <img src="presentation_files/figure-html/global_co2-1.png" title="Global CO2 levels (ppm) of last 800 thousand years from ice cores. Big spike at onset of industrial revolution and still rising today." alt="Global CO2 levels (ppm) of last 800 thousand years from ice cores. Big spike at onset of industrial revolution and still rising today." width="100%" /> ] .pull-right[ * Earth has historically been below 275 ppm * Since the industrial revolution we are now by far at the highest CO2 level(ppm) in Earth's history * This cyclic sawtooth pattern is due to the rapid warming and slow cooling of the earth caused by Milankovitch cycles (orbital forcings) ] --- class: inverse # Sociological Impacts .pull-left[ 1. People Displaced: - Many coastal communities will be underwater by 2100 (Castro, Alejandro) 2. Food Insecurity: - flooding of farms results in lower crop yield 3. Fresh water scarcity: - affected weather cycle leads to unreliable water cycles ] .pull-right[ <img src="img/Water_scarcity.jpg" title="dry wasteland with no water" alt="dry wasteland with no water" width="460" height="343" style="display: block; margin: auto auto auto 0;" /> ] .footnote[water scarcity leads to barren soil] --- class: inverse # Future Work .pull-left[ ###What efforts are being made by organizations? - NGOs that run charities for wildfire relief (Center for Disaster Philanthropy, American Red Cross, etc.) - FEMA (The Federal Emergency Management Agency) provides fire management assistance at various levels to help with mitigation, management and control (FEMA, 2022). - The global community of scientists interested attribution studies, continue to support us, organizations and individuals, with their research. ] .pull-right[ <img src="img/disaster relief.jpg" title="Disaster relief" alt="Disaster relief" width="500" height="350" style="display: block; margin: auto auto auto 0;" /> ] --- .pull-left[ ### What individual efforts can we make? - Educate ourselves: Evolving research is available to support lawsuits from citizens against companies, industries and governments (Scientific American, 2018). - Make conscious efforts to reduce our carbon footprints as best as we can. ] .pull-right[ <img src="img/reduce carbon footprint.jpg" title="How to reduce carbon footprint" alt="How to reduce carbon footprint" width="350" height="500" style="display: block; margin: auto auto auto 0;" /> ] --- class: inverse, center, middle # Thank you! # Questions? <!-- ??? --> <!-- <p align="center"> --> <!-- <iframe src="https://dcs-210.github.io/w2022-project-mia-luke-sadie/presentation/heatmap3.gif" width="1016" height="516" frameBorder="0"></iframe> --> <!-- </p> -->