class: center, middle, inverse, title-slide # Olympics: Cash, Climate, and Champions ## Effect of GDP and Temperature on Medal Count ### Amy Townend, Sam Simmons, Dylan Williams ### Bates College ### 2022-04-23 --- class: inverse, center ## Introduction .pull-left[ * In the 2022 Olympics, there were 91 countries and 109 gold medals awarded. * No athlete from a tropical country has ever won a medal in the Winter Olympics(crazy right?) * Don't believe us? https://olympics.com/en/news/which-tropical-nation-will-win-an-olympic-winter-games-medal * Olympians earn sponsorship from their athletic achievements which allow them to train * With better training facilities and/or climate, do they have a better chance at a medal? ] .pull-right[ <img src="img/coolrunnings.jpg" title="Cool Runnings Movie Poster" alt="Cool Runnings Movie Poster" width="600" height="400" style="display: block; margin: auto 0 auto auto;" /> .footnote[ ####Cool Runnings Movie(1993) ] ] --- class: inverse, center ## Data Information .pull-left[ * Pulled from Kaggle databases, was updated with medal count every other day as Olympics went on * Used WorldBank to get most accurate and recent GDP information * Summarized climate data by averaging temperature from past 4 years * Population was from most recent census data(2020) * We selected the 22 countries with the highest medal count for our analysis ] .pull-right[ <img src="img/medalspic.jpg" title="Three medals, one gold, one silver, one bronze" alt="Three medals, one gold, one silver, one bronze" width="600" height="350" style="display: block; margin: auto 0 auto auto;" /> ] .footnote[ ###### Image: Olympic Medals ] --- class: inverse, center #Where our Data Comes From: .pull-center[ <div id="htmlwidget-e53d6baf02f797aea9fc" style="width:80%;height:1112.4px;" class="leaflet html-widget"></div> <script type="application/json" 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Antilles<\/strong><br/>17","<strong>China<\/strong><br/>15","<strong>Germany<\/strong><br/>27","<strong>Norway<\/strong><br/>37","<strong>Italy<\/strong><br/>15","<strong>Russia<\/strong><br/>32","<strong>Austria<\/strong><br/>18","<strong>Slovenia<\/strong><br/>7","<strong>France<\/strong><br/>14","<strong>Canada<\/strong><br/>26","<strong>Japan<\/strong><br/>18","<strong>Switzerland<\/strong><br/>14","<strong>Australia<\/strong><br/>4","<strong>Czech Republic<\/strong><br/>2","<strong>New Zealand<\/strong><br/>3","<strong>United States<\/strong><br/>25","<strong>Belarus<\/strong><br/>2","<strong>Hungary<\/strong><br/>3","<strong>Finland<\/strong><br/>8","<strong>South Korea<\/strong><br/>9","<strong>Poland<\/strong><br/>1"],{"interactive":false,"permanent":false,"direction":"auto","opacity":1,"offset":[0,0],"textsize":"10px","textOnly":false,"className":"","sticky":true},null]},{"method":"addLegend","args":[{"colors":["#FFFFCC , #FFEFA5 11.1111111111111%, #FED976 25%, #FEAE4A 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Olympics."></span> .pull-center[ #Analysis: Medals per Country ] --- class: inverse, center ##Medals Per Country .pull-center[ <img src="presentation_files/figure-html/medals_p-1.png" title="Stacked bar plot showing total number of metals per country divided into gold, silver and bronze" alt="Stacked bar plot showing total number of metals per country divided into gold, silver and bronze" width="70%" style="display: block; margin: auto;" /> ] --- class: center ======= {r figure skater, echo = FALSE, warning = FALSE, out.width="70%", fig.align = 'center', echo=FALSE, fig.alt= "Slide background shows: Olympic Figure Skater"} background-image: url(https://img.olympicchannel.com/images/image/private/t_16-9_1240-700_15x/f_auto/v1538355600/primary/tawjra46vluaxhirp3om) <span role="img4" aria-label="Slide background shows: Woman figure skating in a purple costume."></span> .pull-center[ #Regression: Looking at the Numbers ] --- class: inverse, center ## Regression .pull-center[ * Our regression function of how the average GDP of a country will affect its gold medal chances are as follows, * `\(\hat{Total_i} = 9.04 + 2207374* {AvgGDP_i} + 9496.5 * NumAthletes - 49.15 * AvgTemp - 649927000 * Population\)` * Our R^2 value was 0.5863096! ] ``` ## # A tibble: 5 × 5 ## term estimate std.error statistic p.value ## <chr> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> ## 1 (Intercept) 9.04e+0 5.97 1.51 0.148 ## 2 Avg_GDP 2.21e-7 0.000000624 0.354 0.728 ## 3 Num_Athletes 9.50e-2 0.0395 2.40 0.0280 ## 4 Avg_Temp -4.92e-1 0.377 -1.30 0.210 ## 5 Population -6.50e-9 0.00000000788 -0.825 0.421 ``` ``` ## [1] 0.5863096 ``` --- class: center {r skier, echo = FALSE, warning = FALSE, out.width="70%", fig.align = 'center', echo=FALSE, fig.alt= "Slide background shows: Recreational Alpine Skier"} background-image: url(https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1565992441121-4367c2967103?ixlib=rb-1.2.1&ixid=MnwxMjA3fDB8MHxzZWFyY2h8Mnx8c2tpfGVufDB8fDB8fA%3D%3D&auto=format&fit=crop&w=600&q=60) <span role="img3" aria-label="Slide background shows: Man freestyle skiing in mid-jump."></span> .pull-center[ #Athlete per capita vs Total Medals ] --- class: inverse, center ## Population vs Athletes <img src="presentation_files/figure-html/athletesVSpopulation-1.png" width="80%" /> --- class: center background-image: url(https://olympics.nbcsports.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/GettyImages-1371324086.jpg <span role="img5" aria-label="Slide background shows: Woman curling at the Winter Olympics"></span> {r curling, echo = FALSE, warning = FALSE, out.width="70%", fig.align = 'center', echo=FALSE, fig.alt= "Slide background shows: Olympic Curling Image"} background-image: url(https://olympics.nbcsports.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/GettyImages-1371324086.jpg class: center .pull-center[ #Medal Counts ] --- class: inverse, center ###Further analysis, showing medal counts <img src="presentation_files/figure-html/sam2nd-1.png" width="80%" /> ``` ## List of 93 ## $ line :List of 6 ## ..$ 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url(https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/cf1422c8bb2370cb5a476ca1a3e36239c45b0e7b/0_103_5042_3026/master/5042.jpg?width=620&quality=45&auto=format&fit=max&dpr=2&s=1a4fd633120584d2d3fb5887b12806ff) .pull-center[ #Temperature vs Medal Count ] --- class: inverse, center #Heatmap: Temperature vs Medal counts <img src="presentation_files/figure-html/heat-map-1.png" width="80%" /> --- class: inverse, center ###What our Goals were .pull-center[ * Hypothesis: Olympians who live in a warmer climate or receive less funding are less likely to get attention or achieve good results * Goal 1: Investigate for a correlation between both average temperature and medal count * Goal 2: Investigate for a correlation between GDP and medal count ] What we Achieved .pull-center[ * R^2 is estimated to be 1, which would estimate perfect estimation of the variability around the dependent variable. * Heat map shows possibility of temperature and medals correlation * Seems unlikely that we would have perfect R^2, more regressions needed ] <img src="img/question.jpg" title="Red question mark and white man" alt="Red question mark and white man" width="300" height="200" style="display: block; margin: auto 0 auto auto;" /> --- class: inverse, center .pull-center[ #Future Research * Add more countries from different regions * Group sports into bigger categories * Observe temperatures from a wider range of years * Look into economic downturns vs Olympic years * Compare Summer vs Winter impacts of temperature ] .pull-center[ <img src="img/italy.jpg" title="Snowy mountain in Italy" alt="Snowy mountain in Italy" width="600" height="400" style="display: block; margin: auto 0 auto auto;" /> .footnote[ ####Mountain in Cortina d'Ampezzo ] ]